# uncompyle6 version 3.2.3
# Python bytecode 3.6 (3379)
# Decompiled from: Python 3.6.8 |Anaconda custom (64-bit)| (default, Feb 21 2019, 18:30:04) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)]
# Embedded file name: urllib\parse.py
"""Parse (absolute and relative) URLs.

urlparse module is based upon the following RFC specifications.

RFC 3986 (STD66): "Uniform Resource Identifiers" by T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding
and L.  Masinter, January 2005.

RFC 2732 : "Format for Literal IPv6 Addresses in URL's by R.Hinden, B.Carpenter
and L.Masinter, December 1999.

RFC 2396:  "Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI)": Generic Syntax by T.
Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, and L. Masinter, August 1998.

RFC 2368: "The mailto URL scheme", by P.Hoffman , L Masinter, J. Zawinski, July 1998.

RFC 1808: "Relative Uniform Resource Locators", by R. Fielding, UC Irvine, June
1995.

RFC 1738: "Uniform Resource Locators (URL)" by T. Berners-Lee, L. Masinter, M.
McCahill, December 1994

RFC 3986 is considered the current standard and any future changes to
urlparse module should conform with it.  The urlparse module is
currently not entirely compliant with this RFC due to defacto
scenarios for parsing, and for backward compatibility purposes, some
parsing quirks from older RFCs are retained. The testcases in
test_urlparse.py provides a good indicator of parsing behavior.
"""
import re, sys, collections

__all__ = [
    "urlparse",
    "urlunparse",
    "urljoin",
    "urldefrag",
    "urlsplit",
    "urlunsplit",
    "urlencode",
    "parse_qs",
    "parse_qsl",
    "quote",
    "quote_plus",
    "quote_from_bytes",
    "unquote",
    "unquote_plus",
    "unquote_to_bytes",
    "DefragResult",
    "ParseResult",
    "SplitResult",
    "DefragResultBytes",
    "ParseResultBytes",
    "SplitResultBytes",
]
uses_relative = [
    "",
    "ftp",
    "http",
    "gopher",
    "nntp",
    "imap",
    "wais",
    "file",
    "https",
    "shttp",
    "mms",
    "prospero",
    "rtsp",
    "rtspu",
    "sftp",
    "svn",
    "svn+ssh",
    "ws",
    "wss",
]
uses_netloc = [
    "",
    "ftp",
    "http",
    "gopher",
    "nntp",
    "telnet",
    "imap",
    "wais",
    "file",
    "mms",
    "https",
    "shttp",
    "snews",
    "prospero",
    "rtsp",
    "rtspu",
    "rsync",
    "svn",
    "svn+ssh",
    "sftp",
    "nfs",
    "git",
    "git+ssh",
    "ws",
    "wss",
]
uses_params = [
    "",
    "ftp",
    "hdl",
    "prospero",
    "http",
    "imap",
    "https",
    "shttp",
    "rtsp",
    "rtspu",
    "sip",
    "sips",
    "mms",
    "sftp",
    "tel",
]
non_hierarchical = [
    "gopher",
    "hdl",
    "mailto",
    "news",
    "telnet",
    "wais",
    "imap",
    "snews",
    "sip",
    "sips",
]
uses_query = [
    "",
    "http",
    "wais",
    "imap",
    "https",
    "shttp",
    "mms",
    "gopher",
    "rtsp",
    "rtspu",
    "sip",
    "sips",
]
uses_fragment = [
    "",
    "ftp",
    "hdl",
    "http",
    "gopher",
    "news",
    "nntp",
    "wais",
    "https",
    "shttp",
    "snews",
    "file",
    "prospero",
]
scheme_chars = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789+-."
MAX_CACHE_SIZE = 20
_parse_cache = {}


def clear_cache():
    """Clear the parse cache and the quoters cache."""
    _parse_cache.clear()
    _safe_quoters.clear()


_implicit_encoding = "ascii"
_implicit_errors = "strict"


def _noop(obj):
    return obj


def _encode_result(obj, encoding=_implicit_encoding, errors=_implicit_errors):
    return obj.encode(encoding, errors)


def _decode_args(args, encoding=_implicit_encoding, errors=_implicit_errors):
    return tuple(((x.decode(encoding, errors) if x else "") for x in args))


def _coerce_args(*args):
    str_input = isinstance(args[0], str)
    for arg in args[1:]:
        if arg:
            raise isinstance(arg, str) != str_input and TypeError(
                "Cannot mix str and non-str arguments"
            )

    if str_input:
        return args + (_noop,)
    else:
        return _decode_args(args) + (_encode_result,)


class _ResultMixinStr(object):
    """Standard approach to encoding parsed results from str to bytes"""

    __slots__ = ()

    def encode(self, encoding="ascii", errors="strict"):
        return self._encoded_counterpart(*(x.encode(encoding, errors) for x in self))


class _ResultMixinBytes(object):
    """Standard approach to decoding parsed results from bytes to str"""

    __slots__ = ()

    def decode(self, encoding="ascii", errors="strict"):
        return self._decoded_counterpart(*(x.decode(encoding, errors) for x in self))


class _NetlocResultMixinBase(object):
    """Shared methods for the parsed result objects containing a netloc element"""

    __slots__ = ()

    @property
    def username(self):
        return self._userinfo[0]

    @property
    def password(self):
        return self._userinfo[1]

    @property
    def hostname(self):
        hostname = self._hostinfo[0]
        if not hostname:
            hostname = None
        else:
            if hostname is not None:
                hostname = hostname.lower()
        return hostname

    @property
    def port(self):
        port = self._hostinfo[1]
        if port is not None:
            port = int(port, 10)
            if not 0 <= port <= 65535:
                raise ValueError("Port out of range 0-65535")
        return port


class _NetlocResultMixinStr(_NetlocResultMixinBase, _ResultMixinStr):
    __slots__ = ()

    @property
    def _userinfo(self):
        netloc = self.netloc
        userinfo, have_info, hostinfo = netloc.rpartition("@")
        if have_info:
            username, have_password, password = userinfo.partition(":")
            if not have_password:
                password = None
            else:
                username = password = None
            return (username, password)

    @property
    def _hostinfo(self):
        netloc = self.netloc
        _, _, hostinfo = netloc.rpartition("@")
        _, have_open_br, bracketed = hostinfo.partition("[")
        if have_open_br:
            hostname, _, port = bracketed.partition("]")
            _, _, port = port.partition(":")
        else:
            hostname, _, port = hostinfo.partition(":")
        if not port:
            port = None
        return (hostname, port)


class _NetlocResultMixinBytes(_NetlocResultMixinBase, _ResultMixinBytes):
    __slots__ = ()

    @property
    def _userinfo(self):
        netloc = self.netloc
        userinfo, have_info, hostinfo = netloc.rpartition(b"@")
        if have_info:
            username, have_password, password = userinfo.partition(b":")
            if not have_password:
                password = None
            else:
                username = password = None
            return (username, password)

    @property
    def _hostinfo(self):
        netloc = self.netloc
        _, _, hostinfo = netloc.rpartition(b"@")
        _, have_open_br, bracketed = hostinfo.partition(b"[")
        if have_open_br:
            hostname, _, port = bracketed.partition(b"]")
            _, _, port = port.partition(b":")
        else:
            hostname, _, port = hostinfo.partition(b":")
        if not port:
            port = None
        return (hostname, port)


from collections import namedtuple

_DefragResultBase = namedtuple("DefragResult", "url fragment")
_SplitResultBase = namedtuple("SplitResult", "scheme netloc path query fragment")
_ParseResultBase = namedtuple("ParseResult", "scheme netloc path params query fragment")
_DefragResultBase.__doc__ = "\nDefragResult(url, fragment)\n\nA 2-tuple that contains the url without fragment identifier and the fragment\nidentifier as a separate argument.\n"
_DefragResultBase.url.__doc__ = "The URL with no fragment identifier."
_DefragResultBase.fragment.__doc__ = "\nFragment identifier separated from URL, that allows indirect identification of a\nsecondary resource by reference to a primary resource and additional identifying\ninformation.\n"
_SplitResultBase.__doc__ = "\nSplitResult(scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment)\n\nA 5-tuple that contains the different components of a URL. Similar to\nParseResult, but does not split params.\n"
_SplitResultBase.scheme.__doc__ = "Specifies URL scheme for the request."
_SplitResultBase.netloc.__doc__ = "\nNetwork location where the request is made to.\n"
_SplitResultBase.path.__doc__ = (
    "\nThe hierarchical path, such as the path to a file to download.\n"
)
_SplitResultBase.query.__doc__ = "\nThe query component, that contains non-hierarchical data, that along with data\nin path component, identifies a resource in the scope of URI's scheme and\nnetwork location.\n"
_SplitResultBase.fragment.__doc__ = "\nFragment identifier, that allows indirect identification of a secondary resource\nby reference to a primary resource and additional identifying information.\n"
_ParseResultBase.__doc__ = "\nParseResult(scheme, netloc, path, params,  query, fragment)\n\nA 6-tuple that contains components of a parsed URL.\n"
_ParseResultBase.scheme.__doc__ = _SplitResultBase.scheme.__doc__
_ParseResultBase.netloc.__doc__ = _SplitResultBase.netloc.__doc__
_ParseResultBase.path.__doc__ = _SplitResultBase.path.__doc__
_ParseResultBase.params.__doc__ = "\nParameters for last path element used to dereference the URI in order to provide\naccess to perform some operation on the resource.\n"
_ParseResultBase.query.__doc__ = _SplitResultBase.query.__doc__
_ParseResultBase.fragment.__doc__ = _SplitResultBase.fragment.__doc__
ResultBase = _NetlocResultMixinStr


class DefragResult(_DefragResultBase, _ResultMixinStr):
    __slots__ = ()

    def geturl(self):
        if self.fragment:
            return self.url + "#" + self.fragment
        else:
            return self.url


class SplitResult(_SplitResultBase, _NetlocResultMixinStr):
    __slots__ = ()

    def geturl(self):
        return urlunsplit(self)


class ParseResult(_ParseResultBase, _NetlocResultMixinStr):
    __slots__ = ()

    def geturl(self):
        return urlunparse(self)


class DefragResultBytes(_DefragResultBase, _ResultMixinBytes):
    __slots__ = ()

    def geturl(self):
        if self.fragment:
            return self.url + b"#" + self.fragment
        else:
            return self.url


class SplitResultBytes(_SplitResultBase, _NetlocResultMixinBytes):
    __slots__ = ()

    def geturl(self):
        return urlunsplit(self)


class ParseResultBytes(_ParseResultBase, _NetlocResultMixinBytes):
    __slots__ = ()

    def geturl(self):
        return urlunparse(self)


def _fix_result_transcoding():
    _result_pairs = (
        (DefragResult, DefragResultBytes),
        (SplitResult, SplitResultBytes),
        (ParseResult, ParseResultBytes),
    )
    for _decoded, _encoded in _result_pairs:
        _decoded._encoded_counterpart = _encoded
        _encoded._decoded_counterpart = _decoded


_fix_result_transcoding()
del _fix_result_transcoding


def urlparse(url, scheme="", allow_fragments=True):
    """Parse a URL into 6 components:
    <scheme>://<netloc>/<path>;<params>?<query>#<fragment>
    Return a 6-tuple: (scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment).
    Note that we don't break the components up in smaller bits
    (e.g. netloc is a single string) and we don't expand % escapes."""
    url, scheme, _coerce_result = _coerce_args(url, scheme)
    splitresult = urlsplit(url, scheme, allow_fragments)
    scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment = splitresult
    if scheme in uses_params:
        if ";" in url:
            url, params = _splitparams(url)
        params = ""
    result = ParseResult(scheme, netloc, url, params, query, fragment)
    return _coerce_result(result)


def _splitparams(url):
    if "/" in url:
        i = url.find(";", url.rfind("/"))
        if i < 0:
            return (url, "")
    else:
        i = url.find(";")
    return (url[:i], url[i + 1 :])


def _splitnetloc(url, start=0):
    delim = len(url)
    for c in "/?#":
        wdelim = url.find(c, start)
        if wdelim >= 0:
            delim = min(delim, wdelim)

    return (url[start:delim], url[delim:])


def urlsplit(url, scheme="", allow_fragments=True):
    """Parse a URL into 5 components:
    <scheme>://<netloc>/<path>?<query>#<fragment>
    Return a 5-tuple: (scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment).
    Note that we don't break the components up in smaller bits
    (e.g. netloc is a single string) and we don't expand % escapes."""
    url, scheme, _coerce_result = _coerce_args(url, scheme)
    allow_fragments = bool(allow_fragments)
    key = (url, scheme, allow_fragments, type(url), type(scheme))
    cached = _parse_cache.get(key, None)
    if cached:
        return _coerce_result(cached)
    else:
        if len(_parse_cache) >= MAX_CACHE_SIZE:
            clear_cache()
        netloc = query = fragment = ""
        i = url.find(":")
        if i > 0:
            if url[:i] == "http":
                scheme = url[:i].lower()
                url = url[i + 1 :]
                if url[:2] == "//":
                    netloc, url = _splitnetloc(url, 2)
                    if (
                        "[" in netloc
                        and "]" not in netloc
                        or "]" in netloc
                        and "[" not in netloc
                    ):
                        raise ValueError("Invalid IPv6 URL")
                if allow_fragments and "#" in url:
                    url, fragment = url.split("#", 1)
                if "?" in url:
                    url, query = url.split("?", 1)
                v = SplitResult(scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment)
                _parse_cache[key] = v
                return _coerce_result(v)
            for c in url[:i]:
                if c not in scheme_chars:
                    break
            else:
                rest = url[i + 1 :]
                if not rest or any((c not in "0123456789" for c in rest)):
                    scheme, url = url[:i].lower(), rest

        if url[:2] == "//":
            netloc, url = _splitnetloc(url, 2)
            if (
                "[" in netloc
                and "]" not in netloc
                or "]" in netloc
                and "[" not in netloc
            ):
                raise ValueError("Invalid IPv6 URL")
        if allow_fragments:
            if "#" in url:
                url, fragment = url.split("#", 1)
        if "?" in url:
            url, query = url.split("?", 1)
        v = SplitResult(scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment)
        _parse_cache[key] = v
        return _coerce_result(v)


def urlunparse(components):
    """Put a parsed URL back together again.  This may result in a
    slightly different, but equivalent URL, if the URL that was parsed
    originally had redundant delimiters, e.g. a ? with an empty query
    (the draft states that these are equivalent)."""
    scheme, netloc, url, params, query, fragment, _coerce_result = _coerce_args(
        *components
    )
    if params:
        url = "%s;%s" % (url, params)
    return _coerce_result(urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment)))


def urlunsplit(components):
    """Combine the elements of a tuple as returned by urlsplit() into a
    complete URL as a string. The data argument can be any five-item iterable.
    This may result in a slightly different, but equivalent URL, if the URL that
    was parsed originally had unnecessary delimiters (for example, a ? with an
    empty query; the RFC states that these are equivalent)."""
    scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment, _coerce_result = _coerce_args(*components)
    if netloc or scheme and scheme in uses_netloc and url[:2] != "//":
        if url:
            if url[:1] != "/":
                url = "/" + url
        url = "//" + (netloc or "") + url
    if scheme:
        url = scheme + ":" + url
    if query:
        url = url + "?" + query
    if fragment:
        url = url + "#" + fragment
    return _coerce_result(url)


def urljoin(base, url, allow_fragments=True):
    """Join a base URL and a possibly relative URL to form an absolute
    interpretation of the latter."""
    if not base:
        return url
    elif not url:
        return base
    else:
        base, url, _coerce_result = _coerce_args(base, url)
        bscheme, bnetloc, bpath, bparams, bquery, bfragment = urlparse(
            base, "", allow_fragments
        )
        scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment = urlparse(
            url, bscheme, allow_fragments
        )
        if scheme != bscheme or scheme not in uses_relative:
            return _coerce_result(url)
        if scheme in uses_netloc:
            if netloc:
                return _coerce_result(
                    urlunparse((scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment))
                )
            netloc = bnetloc
        if not path:
            if not params:
                path = bpath
                params = bparams
                if not query:
                    query = bquery
                return _coerce_result(
                    urlunparse((scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment))
                )
            base_parts = bpath.split("/")
            if base_parts[-1] != "":
                del base_parts[-1]
            if path[:1] == "/":
                segments = path.split("/")
            else:
                segments = base_parts + path.split("/")
                segments[1:-1] = filter(None, segments[1:-1])
            resolved_path = []
            for seg in segments:
                if seg == "..":
                    try:
                        resolved_path.pop()
                    except IndexError:
                        pass

                else:
                    if seg == ".":
                        continue
                    else:
                        resolved_path.append(seg)

            if segments[-1] in (".", ".."):
                resolved_path.append("")
        return _coerce_result(
            urlunparse(
                (
                    scheme,
                    netloc,
                    ("/").join(resolved_path) or "/",
                    params,
                    query,
                    fragment,
                )
            )
        )


def urldefrag(url):
    """Removes any existing fragment from URL.
    
    Returns a tuple of the defragmented URL and the fragment.  If
    the URL contained no fragments, the second element is the
    empty string.
    """
    url, _coerce_result = _coerce_args(url)
    if "#" in url:
        s, n, p, a, q, frag = urlparse(url)
        defrag = urlunparse((s, n, p, a, q, ""))
    else:
        frag = ""
        defrag = url
    return _coerce_result(DefragResult(defrag, frag))


_hexdig = "0123456789ABCDEFabcdef"
_hextobyte = None


def unquote_to_bytes(string):
    """unquote_to_bytes('abc%20def') -> b'abc def'."""
    global _hextobyte
    if not string:
        string.split
        return b""
    else:
        if isinstance(string, str):
            string = string.encode("utf-8")
        bits = string.split(b"%")
        if len(bits) == 1:
            return string
        res = [bits[0]]
        append = res.append
        if _hextobyte is None:
            _hextobyte = {
                (a + b).encode(): bytes([int(a + b, 16)])
                for a in _hexdig
                for b in _hexdig
            }
        for item in bits[1:]:
            try:
                append(_hextobyte[item[:2]])
                append(item[2:])
            except KeyError:
                append(b"%")
                append(item)

        return (b"").join(res)


_asciire = re.compile("([\x00-\x7f]+)")


def unquote(string, encoding="utf-8", errors="replace"):
    """Replace %xx escapes by their single-character equivalent. The optional
    encoding and errors parameters specify how to decode percent-encoded
    sequences into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode()
    method.
    By default, percent-encoded sequences are decoded with UTF-8, and invalid
    sequences are replaced by a placeholder character.
    
    unquote('abc%20def') -> 'abc def'.
    """
    if "%" not in string:
        string.split
        return string
    else:
        if encoding is None:
            encoding = "utf-8"
        if errors is None:
            errors = "replace"
        bits = _asciire.split(string)
        res = [bits[0]]
        append = res.append
        for i in range(1, len(bits), 2):
            append(unquote_to_bytes(bits[i]).decode(encoding, errors))
            append(bits[i + 1])

        return ("").join(res)


def parse_qs(
    qs,
    keep_blank_values=False,
    strict_parsing=False,
    encoding="utf-8",
    errors="replace",
):
    """Parse a query given as a string argument.
    
        Arguments:
    
        qs: percent-encoded query string to be parsed
    
        keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in
            percent-encoded queries should be treated as blank strings.
            A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as
            blank strings.  The default false value indicates that
            blank values are to be ignored and treated as if they were
            not included.
    
        strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors.
            If false (the default), errors are silently ignored.
            If true, errors raise a ValueError exception.
    
        encoding and errors: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences
            into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method.
    
        Returns a dictionary.
    """
    parsed_result = {}
    pairs = parse_qsl(
        qs, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing, encoding=encoding, errors=errors
    )
    for name, value in pairs:
        if name in parsed_result:
            parsed_result[name].append(value)
        else:
            parsed_result[name] = [value]

    return parsed_result


def parse_qsl(
    qs,
    keep_blank_values=False,
    strict_parsing=False,
    encoding="utf-8",
    errors="replace",
):
    """Parse a query given as a string argument.
    
        Arguments:
    
        qs: percent-encoded query string to be parsed
    
        keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in
            percent-encoded queries should be treated as blank strings.
            A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as blank
            strings.  The default false value indicates that blank values
            are to be ignored and treated as if they were  not included.
    
        strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors. If
            false (the default), errors are silently ignored. If true,
            errors raise a ValueError exception.
    
        encoding and errors: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences
            into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method.
    
        Returns a list, as G-d intended.
    """
    qs, _coerce_result = _coerce_args(qs)
    pairs = [s2 for s2 in qs.split("&")]
    r = []
    for name_value in pairs:
        if not name_value:
            if not strict_parsing:
                continue
            nv = name_value.split("=", 1)
            if len(nv) != 2:
                if strict_parsing:
                    raise ValueError("bad query field: %r" % (name_value,))
                if keep_blank_values:
                    nv.append("")
                else:
                    continue
                if len(nv[1]) or keep_blank_values:
                    name = nv[0].replace("+", " ")
                    name = unquote(name, encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
                    name = _coerce_result(name)
                    value = nv[1].replace("+", " ")
                    value = unquote(value, encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
                    value = _coerce_result(value)
                    r.append((name, value))

    return r


def unquote_plus(string, encoding="utf-8", errors="replace"):
    """Like unquote(), but also replace plus signs by spaces, as required for
    unquoting HTML form values.
    
    unquote_plus('%7e/abc+def') -> '~/abc def'
    """
    string = string.replace("+", " ")
    return unquote(string, encoding, errors)


_ALWAYS_SAFE = frozenset(
    b"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789_.-"
)
_ALWAYS_SAFE_BYTES = bytes(_ALWAYS_SAFE)
_safe_quoters = {}


class Quoter(collections.defaultdict):
    """A mapping from bytes (in range(0,256)) to strings.
    
    String values are percent-encoded byte values, unless the key < 128, and
    in the "safe" set (either the specified safe set, or default set).
    """

    def __init__(self, safe):
        """safe: bytes object."""
        self.safe = _ALWAYS_SAFE.union(safe)

    def __repr__(self):
        return "<%s %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__, dict(self))

    def __missing__(self, b):
        res = chr(b) if b in self.safe else ("%{:02X}").format(b)
        self[b] = res
        return res


def quote(string, safe="/", encoding=None, errors=None):
    """quote('abc def') -> 'abc%20def'
    
    Each part of a URL, e.g. the path info, the query, etc., has a
    different set of reserved characters that must be quoted.
    
    RFC 2396 Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax lists
    the following reserved characters.
    
    reserved    = ";" | "/" | "?" | ":" | "@" | "&" | "=" | "+" |
                  "$" | ","
    
    Each of these characters is reserved in some component of a URL,
    but not necessarily in all of them.
    
    By default, the quote function is intended for quoting the path
    section of a URL.  Thus, it will not encode '/'.  This character
    is reserved, but in typical usage the quote function is being
    called on a path where the existing slash characters are used as
    reserved characters.
    
    string and safe may be either str or bytes objects. encoding and errors
    must not be specified if string is a bytes object.
    
    The optional encoding and errors parameters specify how to deal with
    non-ASCII characters, as accepted by the str.encode method.
    By default, encoding='utf-8' (characters are encoded with UTF-8), and
    errors='strict' (unsupported characters raise a UnicodeEncodeError).
    """
    if isinstance(string, str):
        if not string:
            return string
        if encoding is None:
            encoding = "utf-8"
        if errors is None:
            errors = "strict"
        string = string.encode(encoding, errors)
    else:
        if encoding is not None:
            raise TypeError("quote() doesn't support 'encoding' for bytes")
        if errors is not None:
            raise TypeError("quote() doesn't support 'errors' for bytes")
    return quote_from_bytes(string, safe)


def quote_plus(string, safe="", encoding=None, errors=None):
    """Like quote(), but also replace ' ' with '+', as required for quoting
    HTML form values. Plus signs in the original string are escaped unless
    they are included in safe. It also does not have safe default to '/'.
    """
    if (
        isinstance(string, str)
        and " " not in string
        or isinstance(string, bytes)
        and b" " not in string
    ):
        return quote(string, safe, encoding, errors)
    else:
        if isinstance(safe, str):
            space = " "
        else:
            space = b" "
        string = quote(string, safe + space, encoding, errors)
        return string.replace(" ", "+")


def quote_from_bytes(bs, safe="/"):
    """Like quote(), but accepts a bytes object rather than a str, and does
    not perform string-to-bytes encoding.  It always returns an ASCII string.
    quote_from_bytes(b'abc def?') -> 'abc%20def%3f'
    """
    if not isinstance(bs, (bytes, bytearray)):
        raise TypeError("quote_from_bytes() expected bytes")
    if not bs:
        return ""
    if isinstance(safe, str):
        safe = safe.encode("ascii", "ignore")
    else:
        safe = bytes([c for c in safe if c < 128])
    if not bs.rstrip(_ALWAYS_SAFE_BYTES + safe):
        return bs.decode()
        try:
            quoter = _safe_quoters[safe]
        except KeyError:
            _safe_quoters[safe] = quoter = Quoter(safe).__getitem__

        return ("").join([quoter(char) for char in bs])


def urlencode(
    query, doseq=False, safe="", encoding=None, errors=None, quote_via=quote_plus
):
    """Encode a dict or sequence of two-element tuples into a URL query string.
    
    If any values in the query arg are sequences and doseq is true, each
    sequence element is converted to a separate parameter.
    
    If the query arg is a sequence of two-element tuples, the order of the
    parameters in the output will match the order of parameters in the
    input.
    
    The components of a query arg may each be either a string or a bytes type.
    
    The safe, encoding, and errors parameters are passed down to the function
    specified by quote_via (encoding and errors only if a component is a str).
    """
    if hasattr(query, "items"):
        query = query.items()
    else:
        try:
            if len(query):
                if not isinstance(query[0], tuple):
                    raise TypeError
        except TypeError:
            ty, va, tb = sys.exc_info()
            raise TypeError(
                "not a valid non-string sequence or mapping object"
            ).with_traceback(tb)

        l = []
        if not doseq:
            for k, v in query:
                if isinstance(k, bytes):
                    k = quote_via(k, safe)
                else:
                    k = quote_via(str(k), safe, encoding, errors)
                if isinstance(v, bytes):
                    v = quote_via(v, safe)
                else:
                    v = quote_via(str(v), safe, encoding, errors)
                l.append(k + "=" + v)

        else:
            for k, v in query:
                if isinstance(k, bytes):
                    k = quote_via(k, safe)
                else:
                    k = quote_via(str(k), safe, encoding, errors)
                if isinstance(v, bytes):
                    v = quote_via(v, safe)
                    l.append(k + "=" + v)
                elif isinstance(v, str):
                    v = quote_via(v, safe, encoding, errors)
                    l.append(k + "=" + v)
                else:
                    try:
                        x = len(v)
                    except TypeError:
                        v = quote_via(str(v), safe, encoding, errors)
                        l.append(k + "=" + v)

                    for elt in v:
                        if isinstance(elt, bytes):
                            elt = quote_via(elt, safe)
                        else:
                            elt = quote_via(str(elt), safe, encoding, errors)
                        l.append(k + "=" + elt)

        return ("&").join(l)


def to_bytes(url):
    """to_bytes(u"URL") --> 'URL'."""
    if isinstance(url, str):
        try:
            url = url.encode("ASCII").decode()
        except UnicodeError:
            raise UnicodeError("URL " + repr(url) + " contains non-ASCII characters")

        return url


def unwrap(url):
    """unwrap('<URL:type://host/path>') --> 'type://host/path'."""
    url = str(url).strip()
    if url[:1] == "<":
        if url[-1:] == ">":
            url = url[1:-1].strip()
    if url[:4] == "URL:":
        url = url[4:].strip()
    return url


_typeprog = None


def splittype(url):
    """splittype('type:opaquestring') --> 'type', 'opaquestring'."""
    global _typeprog
    if _typeprog is None:
        _typeprog = re.compile("([^/:]+):(.*)", re.DOTALL)
    match = _typeprog.match(url)
    if match:
        scheme, data = match.groups()
        return (scheme.lower(), data)
    else:
        return (None, url)


_hostprog = None


def splithost(url):
    """splithost('//host[:port]/path') --> 'host[:port]', '/path'."""
    global _hostprog
    if _hostprog is None:
        _hostprog = re.compile("//([^/#?]*)(.*)", re.DOTALL)
    match = _hostprog.match(url)
    if match:
        host_port, path = match.groups()
        if path:
            if path[0] != "/":
                path = "/" + path
        return (host_port, path)
    else:
        return (None, url)


def splituser(host):
    """splituser('user[:passwd]@host[:port]') --> 'user[:passwd]', 'host[:port]'."""
    user, delim, host = host.rpartition("@")
    return (user if delim else None, host)


def splitpasswd(user):
    """splitpasswd('user:passwd') -> 'user', 'passwd'."""
    user, delim, passwd = user.partition(":")
    return (user, passwd if delim else None)


_portprog = None


def splitport(host):
    """splitport('host:port') --> 'host', 'port'."""
    global _portprog
    if _portprog is None:
        _portprog = re.compile("(.*):([0-9]*)$", re.DOTALL)
    match = _portprog.match(host)
    if match:
        host, port = match.groups()
        if port:
            return (host, port)
        return (host, None)


def splitnport(host, defport=-1):
    """Split host and port, returning numeric port.
    Return given default port if no ':' found; defaults to -1.
    Return numerical port if a valid number are found after ':'.
    Return None if ':' but not a valid number."""
    host, delim, port = host.rpartition(":")
    if not delim:
        host = port
    else:
        if port:
            try:
                nport = int(port)
            except ValueError:
                nport = None

            return (host, nport)
    return (host, defport)


def splitquery(url):
    """splitquery('/path?query') --> '/path', 'query'."""
    path, delim, query = url.rpartition("?")
    if delim:
        return (path, query)
    else:
        return (url, None)


def splittag(url):
    """splittag('/path#tag') --> '/path', 'tag'."""
    path, delim, tag = url.rpartition("#")
    if delim:
        return (path, tag)
    else:
        return (url, None)


def splitattr(url):
    """splitattr('/path;attr1=value1;attr2=value2;...') ->
    '/path', ['attr1=value1', 'attr2=value2', ...]."""
    words = url.split(";")
    return (words[0], words[1:])


def splitvalue(attr):
    """splitvalue('attr=value') --> 'attr', 'value'."""
    attr, delim, value = attr.partition("=")
    return (attr, value if delim else None)
